秋播期小麦病虫害综合防治技术指导意见富平网富平县领先生活信息门户

富平头条 发表于 2022-9-23 08:26:52

秋播期小麦病虫害综合防治技术指导意见

<section style="margin: 0px 0px 0em; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); visibility: visible; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="margin: 0px 0px 0em; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible;"><section style="margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: left; justify-content: flex-start; display: flex; flex-flow: row nowrap; visibility: visible;"><section style="margin: 0px 0px 0em; padding: 10px 20px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; display: inline-block; width: 578px; vertical-align: top; border-style: solid; border-width: 3px; border-radius: 5px; border-color: rgb(212, 179, 108); overflow: visible; background-color: rgb(252, 246, 222); align-self: flex-start; flex: 0 0 auto; visibility: visible;"><section powered-by="xiumi.us" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; visibility: visible;"><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 5.25pt; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 17px; font-family: 宋体; visibility: visible;">近年来，随着浅耕免耕和秸秆还田技术的大面积推广，小麦茎基腐病、纹枯病、根腐病等一些土传病害呈逐年加重趋势，部分区域地下害虫发生偏重。秋播期是小麦病虫草害的第一道防治关口，做好此期的病虫草害防治工作，能够降低病虫基数，减轻翌年春季病虫草害防治压力，确保小麦苗全、苗壮，苗匀，为明年小麦丰产丰收奠定基础。具体措施如下：<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">一、搞好植物检疫<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">秋播期间种子调运频繁，最易传播检疫性病虫害，因此，必须加强检疫工作，严防小麦腥黑穗病等检疫性病虫杂草随种子调运传播蔓延。购买种子时一定要从种子经营单位购买有检疫合格证的种子。<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">二、加强农业防治<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1、播种前及时清理田间地头杂草，深耕深翻、精细耙耱土壤，通过机械作业杀伤浅层土壤内的地下害虫和吸浆虫的越冬休眠体。同时合理浇灌，施用充分腐熟发酵的有机肥，减少病虫草害的侵染源。<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">2、合理布局品种。 选择适宜本区域种植的高产、抗耐病品种品种是防治病虫害最有效也是最经济的方式。<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">3、适期晚播。通过近几年的试验示范，适期晚播能够有效减轻小麦根茎部病害的发生。精选高质量种子，适量播种，适当晚播，优化群体结构防止小麦因播种过早、密度过高而造成适宜病虫滋生的环境。<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 5.25pt; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">三、推行药剂拌种<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 5.25pt; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">秋播种子药剂处理是预防和控制土传、种传病虫和地下害虫以及苗期病虫害的关键措施，拌种剂中的有效成分，无论是杀菌剂还是杀虫剂，作用对象是有限的，往往只对某些病虫有效，对其他病虫无效或者效果不明显。因此选择拌种剂要有针对性。    地下害虫蛴螬    地下害虫金针虫     根部病害      药剂拌种<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 5.25pt; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> <p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 5.25pt; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">1、防治地下害虫、麦蚜、麦红蜘蛛、飞虱、控制病毒病流行，选用吡虫啉、噻虫嗪、毒死蜱等包衣或拌种。<p style="margin: 0px 5.25pt 0px 0pt; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em;">2、防治小麦茎基腐病、赤霉病、根腐病、腥黑穗、纹枯病可选用甲基硫菌灵悬浮剂、苯醚甲环唑、戊唑醇、咯菌腈、苯醚·咯菌腈、硅噻菌胺等包衣或拌种，兼治苗期锈病、白粉病。<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 5.25pt; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">3、针对病害和虫害混发的田块，选用戊唑.吡虫啉、苯醚.咯.噻虫、烯肟·苯·噻虫等拌种剂进行拌种处理。<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">四、土壤药剂处理<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">针对前茬地下害虫发生重的田块，播前每亩用5%毒死蜱颗粒剂3-4kg拌10-15kg土或沙，或用50%辛硫磷乳油每亩200-250ml，加细沙10-15kg(先用10倍于药液的水稀释后喷洒于细沙拌匀)于犁后耙前撒于地表，撒后立即耙平可杀灭地下害虫和吸浆虫的越冬休眠体。<p style="margin: 0px 5.25pt; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em;">五、注意事项。 拌种时严格按照推荐剂量进行拌种，准确掌握农药用量，药量和水量称量要准，稀释要均匀，以防药物过多而伤害种子，药量过少则达不到防治的效果。拌好的种子不宜在阳光下暴晒，堆闷5-6小时即可播种，尽量做到随拌随播，不可久置，以免影响药效。<p style="margin: 0px 0pt; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em;">       <p style="margin: 0px 0pt; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em;">               富平县农技中心   <p style="margin: 0px 0pt; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em;">               2022年9月20 日<section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; line-height: 2em;"> </section><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"> </section></section></section></section></section></section><section style="margin: 0px; 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秋播期小麦病虫害综合防治技术指导意见