道光二十年富平县盖村里芦公买地券
<section style="margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-wrap: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><h1 style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; font-weight: 400; font-size: 16px; max-width: 100%; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(123, 12, 0);"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 18px;">道光二十年富平县盖村里芦公买地券</span></strong></span><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 18px;"></span></strong></h1><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px;">文/李杰</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></p><p style="margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px;">二0二四年春，听朋友说他哥在大搞农田水利建设时期，捡到一块方石板，上面刻有许多文字。我很感兴趣，于是便相约而至，用清水将石板洗净之后发现,这是道光年间的立劵文契。我且称它为“道光二十六年芦公买地券”。这买地券用青石雕刻，长宽均为39厘米，厚6厘米，做工精致，完好无缺，文字清晰，刻字17行，满行17字，共221字。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></p><section style="margin: 24px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; line-height: 2em;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px;"></span></section><section style="margin: 24px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; line-height: 2em;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px; color: rgb(123, 12, 0);">原文摘录如下：</span></strong><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></span></section><p style="margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px;">维<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></span></p><p style="margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px;">大清国陕西西安府富平县盖村里九甲住北乡屏南堡西沟畔 孝男芦正兰等伏缘 先考芦公讳自魁 奄逝以来未卜茔地 今日者卜此高原来去朝迎堪为佳宅 係西南里阔长各八步 已备净钱九万九千九百九十九贯于<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></span></p><p style="margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px;">皇天后土处买到龙子崗阴地一方 东至青龙 西至白虎 南至朱雀 北至玄武 上指<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></span></p><p style="margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px;">青天 下止黄泉 中分辛山 乙向立祖昭穆分葬 永为阴宅 券立二本 一本奏上<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></span></p><p style="margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px;">后土地祗 一本付给墓中亡灵芦公收执 永远照用 故气伏尸不敢侵争 须此券者<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></span></p><p style="margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px;">左邻人东王公 右邻人西王母验地人白鹤仙 书契人青衣子<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></span></p><p style="margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px;">时<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></span></p><p style="margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px;">大清道光二十年六月二十八日立十</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></p><section style="margin: 24px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; line-height: 2em;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px;"></span></section><p style="margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px;">这是一篇套用通用制式立券文契写成的“买地券”或称“墓䇷”，是古代置于墓中的地契。大意是说：富平县盖村里九甲屏南堡芦姓的人为其亡故父亲，花费净钱九万九千九百九十九贯在皇天后土处购买了一处阴宅，佳地长宽各八步，位于高原龙子岗，东至青龙，西至白虎，南至朱雀，北至玄武，各路神仙都已奏明，设立此券随葬入土，各方鬼神不能侵争。立券时间为大清道光二十年六月二十八日，结尾处的“立十”通“立石”之意。文中的四至和龙子岗等都是套用的范文，非实际的地理方位，只是说明墓地是一所风水宝地。所花银钱亦为虚数，表示买地花钱多，土地面积大，足够亡人在阴间使用。<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></span></p><section style="margin: 8px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: center;"></section><section style="margin: 8px 0px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: center;"></section><p style="margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px;">全文开头占用一整行的一个“维”字是语气助词或称“发语词”没有实际意义，相当于今天人们打电话时先“喂”一下再开口说话一样，表示将要讲话或发表重要通知，没有实际意义，但又很有必要。文中遇到“皇天”“后土”“青天”“大清”等字词都要另起一行写在高于行首的位置，是表示敬畏之意。文末占用一整行的一个“时”字是“时在”之意，立券的时间“道光二十年六月二十八日”即公元1840年，这一年西方列强用大炮轰开了古老封闭的满清王朝的大门。<br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></p><section style="margin: 24px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; line-height: 2em;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px;"></span></section><p style="margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px;">券文是由左向右书写的，这和古代的行文方向是不一样的，为此我询问了多位地方文人，有人说石碑若是在大门两侧，为了对称，左边的一个就是由左向右书写的，大雁塔《三藏圣教序记》两块石碑就是这样。另有人说在造像碑前的石碑若神像在左侧也用左起行文。这个买地券显然和这两种说法不相符合。还有人认为这是“阴文”，是地下亡灵的地契，是给地下的鬼神看的，所以和人间的文字不同，所以用反向的行文方式。在北京通州出土的同类型的“随时道买地券”也是由左向右行文的，我也觉得这个说法很有道理。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">随时道买地券</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 14px; color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"></p><section style="margin: 24px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; line-height: 2em;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px;"></span></section><p style="margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px;">笔者酷爱古石刻，喜欢学习传统文化，以前也碰到过此类买地券，有用朱砂写在瓦片上的，也有刻在泥块上的，但都破损严重无法考读，唯这块青石雕刻的内容完整，字迹清晰。细心研读一番，成此一篇短文，为传统文化的延续尽我绵薄之力，也将我的见解写出来，希望能够抛砖引玉得到更多读者朋友批评指正。期间有多位文人朋友为我悉心讲解给予帮助，在此表示感谢！</span></p><section data-support="96编辑器" data-style-id="44315" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: unset; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 10px auto; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; width: 55px;"><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; text-align: center;"></p></section></section></section><p></p><section style="margin: 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Helvetica Neue, PingFang SC, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei UI, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-wrap: wrap; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><section style="margin: 24px 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; line-height: 2em;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 2px;">作者简介：李杰，1977年生，陕西富平人，渭南师范学院毕业，现就职于富平县职业教育中心。</span></section></section></section><p></p><p><br/></p><link rel="stylesheet" href="//www.dafuping.cn/source/plugin/wcn_editor/public/wcn_editor_fit.css?v134_Wpb" id="wcn_editor_css"/>
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