富平县2025年夏玉米抗旱防高温技术指导意见
<section style="margin:10px 0px;"><section style="display: inline-block; width: 100%; vertical-align: top; border-width: 0px; box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box;" data-width="100%"><section style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;"><section style="border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(232, 73, 63); border-radius: 5px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section><section style="width: 5px; height: 5px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(232, 73, 63); border-right: 1px solid rgb(232, 73, 63); float: left; border-top-color: rgb(232, 73, 63); border-left-color: rgb(232, 73, 63); box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px; height: 5px; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(232, 73, 63); border-left: 1px solid rgb(232, 73, 63); float: right; border-top-color: rgb(232, 73, 63); border-right-color: rgb(232, 73, 63); box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="clear: both;"></section></section><section style="padding-right: 4px; padding-left: 4px; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="width: 100%; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(232, 73, 63); margin-top: -1px; margin-bottom: -1px; padding-top: 10px; padding-bottom: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;" data-width="100%"><section><section style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.8; letter-spacing: 2px; padding-right: 10px; padding-left: 10px; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="line-height: 2em;text-indent: 2em;visibility: visible" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><span style="visibility: visible"><span style="font-family:方正公文小标宋;visibility: visible"><span leaf="" style="visibility: visible"><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 18px;visibility: visible">当前，全县夏玉米已陆续进入大喇叭口至抽雄期，是生长发育和产量形成的关键时期。</span></span><span leaf="" style="border-radius: 13px;transform: rotate(0deg);text-align: justify;letter-spacing: 1.5px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);box-sizing: border-box;visibility: visible;line-height: 2em;text-indent: 2em"><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 18px;visibility: visible">自7月份以来，我县以晴热高温天气为主，雨量偏少，气温持续攀升，土壤失墒加快，旱情快速发展，部分地区旱象显现，对玉米生长发育造成了不利影响。据气象部门预计，高温少雨天气仍将持续，为有效应对干旱和高温对玉米生产的不利影响，实现秋粮稳产增产，特制定本技术指导意见。</span></span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;text-indent: 2em;visibility: visible"><span style="font-family: 黑体;font-size: 21px;visibility: visible"><span style="font-family:黑体;visibility: visible"><span leaf="" style="visibility: visible"><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 18px;color: rgb(61, 167, 66);font-weight: bold;visibility: visible">一、及时灌水，保障水分需求</span></span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;text-indent: 2em;visibility: visible"><span style="font-family: 仿宋;font-size: 21px;visibility: visible"><span style="font-family:仿宋;visibility: visible"><span leaf="" style="visibility: visible"><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 18px;visibility: visible">大喇叭口期是玉米生育期的水肥临界期，对水分的需求较为迫切，需求量大。一般农田近地气温</span></span></span><span style="font-family:仿宋;visibility: visible"><span leaf="" style="visibility: visible"><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 18px;visibility: visible">35℃以上会影响雌雄穗分化数量和质量，灌溉补水能有效改善农田小气候、降低冠层温度，及时进行灌水，是当前玉米补充水分的唯一途径。要坚决克服等雨思想，坚持早浇一天是一天、能浇一亩是一亩，突出早浇和浇透。有灌溉条件的田块，要广辟水源、能浇尽浇、浇足浇透，采用喷灌、滴灌、隔垄交替灌等节水灌溉措施，提高<span class="">水分利用率</span>。水源不足的田块，适时蓄水保墒，减少水分蒸发和流失，可采取输水管、水袋或水车灌溉，扩大灌溉面积。</span></span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;text-indent: 2em;visibility: visible"><span style="font-family: 黑体;font-size: 21px;visibility: visible"><span style="font-family:黑体;visibility: visible"><span leaf="" style="visibility: visible"><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 18px;color: rgb(61, 167, 66);font-weight: bold;visibility: visible">二、科学田管，增强植株抗性</span></span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;text-indent: 2em;visibility: visible"><span style="font-family: 仿宋;font-size: 21px;visibility: visible"><span style="font-family:仿宋;visibility: visible"><span leaf="" style="visibility: visible"><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 18px;visibility: visible">因地因苗，科学田管，合理水肥调控，促进玉米生长发育。对于前期苗情偏弱的田块，结合灌水亩追施高氮水溶肥</span></span></span><span style="font-family:仿宋;visibility: visible"><span leaf="" style="visibility: visible"><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 18px;visibility: visible">3-6公斤，促进玉米苗情转化。一般田块结合灌溉或降雨追施穗肥，促进干物质积累和雌雄穗生长。授粉期因地制宜采用无人机低空飞行扰动、竹竿赶粉、拉绳抖动等人工辅助授粉，提高玉米结实率。如遇持续高温干旱天气，可采用叶面喷施抗旱保水剂，或喷施尿素、磷酸二氢钾溶液、芸苔素内酯等，增强植株耐高温抗干旱能力。</span></span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;text-indent: 2em"><span style="font-family: 黑体;font-size: 21px"><span style="font-family:黑体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 18px;color: rgb(61, 167, 66);font-weight: bold">三、防控病虫，减损失保防效</span></span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;text-indent: 2em"><span style="font-family: 仿宋;font-size: 21px"><span style="font-family:仿宋"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 18px">密切关注玉米田病虫害的发生情况，重点监测草地贪夜蛾、玉米螟、棉铃虫、蚜虫等虫害以及大斑病、小斑病等病害的发生动态。持预防为主、综合防控原则，统筹生物防治、化学防治等手段，加强杀虫灯、食诱剂、性诱剂诱杀成虫，适时释放赤眼蜂、夜蛾黑卵蜂等天敌灭卵，选用合适药剂，适时组织开展统防统治、联防联控，严防病虫暴发危害。</span></span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;text-indent: 2em"><span style="font-family: 黑体;font-size: 21px"><span style="font-family:黑体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 18px;color: rgb(61, 167, 66);font-weight: bold">四、一喷多促，增粒重稳产量</span></span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;text-indent: 2em"><span style="font-family: 仿宋;font-size: 21px"><span style="font-family:仿宋"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 18px">玉米生长中后期将叶面肥、调节剂、抗逆剂、杀虫杀菌剂等混合喷施进行</span></span></span><span style="font-family:仿宋"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 18px">“一喷多促”，可实现防病治虫、促进灌浆、防止早衰、提高产量等多重效应。准确把握大喇叭口至乳熟的窗口期，优先选择无人机统一喷防，及早开展喷施作业，增强叶片光合作用和抗逆性。</span></span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;text-indent: 2em"><span style="font-family: 黑体;font-size: 21px"><span style="font-family:黑体"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 18px;color: rgb(61, 167, 66);font-weight: bold">五、注意事项</span></span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;text-indent: 2em"><span style="font-family: 仿宋;font-size: 21px"><span style="font-family:仿宋"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 18px">1、灌水时应避开中午高温时段，特别是进行喷灌作业时，应选择在夜间气温较低时进行，避免发生灼烧。</span></span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;text-indent: 2em"><span style="font-family: 仿宋;font-size: 21px"><span style="font-family:仿宋"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 18px">2、喷施调节剂或进行一喷多促作业时，应选择在晴天无风上午10时前、下午4时后进行，避开正午高温时段，并注意用药安全。</span></span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em;text-indent: 2em"><span style="font-family: 仿宋;font-size: 21px"><span style="font-family:仿宋"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 18px">3、恰逢高温天气，进行田间管理作业时，应做好个人防护，做到安全生产。</span></span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em"><span style="font-family: 仿宋;font-size: 21px"><br/></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-align: right;"><span style="font-family: 仿宋;font-size: 21px"><span style="font-family:仿宋"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 18px"> 富平县农业技术推广中心</span></span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 2em; text-align: right;"><span style="font-family: 仿宋;font-size: 21px"><span style="font-family:仿宋"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 18px"> 2025年8月4日</span></span></span></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><br/></p></section></section></section></section><section><section style="width: 5px; height: 5px; border-top: 1px solid rgb(232, 73, 63); border-right: 1px solid rgb(232, 73, 63); float: left; border-bottom-color: rgb(232, 73, 63); border-left-color: rgb(232, 73, 63); box-sizing: border-box;"></section><section style="width: 5px; height: 5px; border-top: 1px solid rgb(232, 73, 63); border-left: 1px solid rgb(232, 73, 63); float: right; border-right-color: rgb(232, 73, 63); border-bottom-color: 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